Corneal Dystrophies
📚 Source: The Ophthalmology Examinations Review, Tien Yin Wong, 2nd Edition (World Scientific Publishing) Buy the book here on Amazon
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anterior segment
👁️ High Myopia and Cataract Surgery: A Challenging Combination
Cataract surgery in patients with high myopia can be particularly tricky. These eyes present with anatomical and functional differences that require careful preoperative planning, intraoperative caution, and close postoperative monitoring. In this blog post, we break down the potential problems during cataract surgery in high myopes — stage-wise — and offer practical pearls for safe
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🌫️ Fuchs Endothelial Dystrophy (FED): From Guttae to Grafts
By Dr. Hemali Kanabar | July 9, 2025 👁️ What is Fuchs Endothelial Dystrophy? Fuchs Endothelial Dystrophy (FED) is a progressive, bilateral, and typically asymmetric corneal dystrophy that affects the endothelial layer of the cornea. It leads to corneal decompensation and visual loss due to fluid accumulation and corneal thickening. 🧬 Pathophysiology In FED, the
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👁️ Symblepharon – When the Lid and Globe Become One
By Dr. Hemali Kanabar | July 9, 2025 🩺 What is Symblepharon? Symblepharon refers to an adhesion between the palpebral conjunctiva (the lining of the eyelid) and the bulbar conjunctiva (the surface of the eyeball). It may be partial or complete, and severely limits the mobility of the eye and eyelid, potentially leading to visual
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🔬 Herpetic Eye Disease Study (HEDS): Landmark Trials in HSV Keratitis Management
When it comes to herpes simplex virus (HSV) affecting the eye, management can be as complex as the virus itself. To bring clarity and standardization to treatment, a series of pivotal multicenter randomized controlled trials—the Herpetic Eye Disease Study (HEDS)—were conducted across the 1990s and early 2000s. The HEDS trials addressed six critical clinical questions regarding HSV
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🔵 Salzmann Nodular Degeneration: A Quiet Culprit in Ocular Surface Disease
Salzmann Nodular Degeneration (SND) might not be the most common topic in daily ophthalmic practice, but for the seasoned clinician or FRCOphth candidate, it’s an essential entity to recognize. Subtle in appearance yet significant in impact, SND is a classic example of how chronic ocular surface stress can manifest in the corneal stroma. Let’s unpack
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🌿 Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) – Summary Notes
Overview & Epidemiology 👁️ Clinical Features 🧬 Overview & Epidemiology 👁️ Clinical Features 💊 Treatment 🔸 Topical Treatment Agent:Triamcinolone acetonide 40 mg/mLDose: 0.5–1 mL via posterior sub-Tenon’s injection 🔸 Systemic Treatment 🔸 Surgical Management Also refer, https://eyewiki.org/Vernal_Keratoconjunctivitis
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Cataract Guidelines
NICE Guidelines – 2017 Repeating Biometry Royal college published guidelines in 2010 suggested this should be done for:
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