Neuro-Ophthalmology

Explore diseases affecting the optic nerve, visual pathways, cranial nerves, and ocular motility. Topics include diplopia, optic neuropathies, pupil abnormalities, visual field defects, and neuro-ophthalmic localization.

Unmasking the Subtle Squint: A Key Exam Guide to Superior Oblique Palsy

Neuro-Ophthalmology /

Feature Congenital Unilateral SOP Congenital Bilateral SOP Acquired Unilateral SOP Acquired Bilateral SOP Head Posture Tilt to Unaffected Side Chin Down Tilt/Face Turn to Unaffected Side (to overcome diplopia) Chin Depression Facial Asymmetry Present (reduction of distance between lateral canthus & corner of mouth on side of head posture) Absent (unless also unilateral) Absent Absent […]

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Mastering the Park’s 3-Step Test: A Simple Approach to Diagnosing Vertical Strabismus

Neuro-Ophthalmology /

Introduction As ophthalmologists, we often encounter patients with diplopia, especially vertical diplopia. Among the most valuable clinical tools to localize the paretic muscle in a vertical strabismus is Park’s 3-Step Test. This time-tested method simplifies the diagnostic process and provides a structured approach that is essential for exams like FRCOphth OSCEs and clinical practice alike. Let’s

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