Investigations

Understand the interpretation and clinical application of ophthalmic investigations including OCT, fluorescein angiography, OCT angiography, ultrasound, visual fields, corneal topography, Pentacam, and ocular biometry.

Pentacam in Keratoconus: A Practical Guide to Interpretation

The early detection of keratoconus—especially in patients seeking refractive surgery—is critical. One of the most powerful diagnostic tools at our disposal is the Pentacam, a rotating Scheimpflug imaging system that gives a complete 3D view of the anterior segment. But how do you really read a Pentacam? And what are its limitations? This guide breaks it down for you. […]

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🔬 Mastering Biometry for Cataract Surgery: Principles, Pitfalls & a Practice Case

Biometry is a foundational investigation in cataract surgery planning. A small error here can lead to significant postoperative refractive surprises—frustrating both for the surgeon and the patient. This post simplifies biometry for ophthalmology trainees and FRCOphth aspirants by first explaining the principles, then working through a real-world scenario of a -5.00 D myope, and ending with practical questions

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